营销话术证据 C · 证据有限
超级食物抗氧化抗百病
真相
超级食物无科学定义; 其核心依据 ORAC 体外数据已被 USDA 于 2012 年撤回, 单一明星食物的人体终点证据稀缺。
机制速览
超级食物故事的主要科学支撑,来自一个叫 ORAC 的指标——氧自由基吸收能力 (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity)。20 世纪 90 年代,USDA 的实验室开发了 ORAC 测定方法,随后一张按ORAC 值排列的食物榜单成了超级食物营销的圣经:哪种浆果 ORAC 更高,哪种浆果就更超级。
来源(2)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. (2012). Withdrawal of the USDA ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) database for selected foods. ARS stated ORAC values are biologically misleading because in-vitro antioxidant capacity does not predict in-vivo health effects.
- Prior, R. L., Wu, X., & Schaich, K. (2005). Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(10), 4290-4302. Describes the ORAC assay and its in-vitro limitations.